Bird Effigy Artifact Appraisal

Paleo Indian Chert Lithic Multi-Tool / Bird Effigy

This specimen is identified as a chert lithic multi-tool, measuring approximately 3 inches by 2 inches, found in Guthrie, Oklahoma. The artifact displays characteristics consistent with Paleo Indian portable rock art, specifically an anthropomorphic or zoomorphic bird effigy. The physical composition is a dense, cryptocrystalline chert with a varied color palette ranging from creamy tan and beige to darker, oxidized iron-stained browns within the deeper recesses. The surface exhibits significant patination and differential weathering, suggesting substantial antiquity. Notable features include intentionally worked depressional areas that form 'eyes' and a tapered edge suggestive of a beak when viewed in profile. From a functional perspective, the lithic shows evidence of flake removals and step-fracturing along certain edges, indicating it may have served as a scraper or hand-held cutting tool. The condition is representative of a field-found artifact, with natural mineral encrustations and micro-abrasions consistent with burial in soil. The craftsmanship is rudimentary yet intentional, utilizing the natural morphology of the river-worn stone (geofact) and enhancing it with percussion flaking to achieve both a symbolic form and a utilitarian grip. This dual-purpose nature is characteristic of early nomadic stone tool technology.